Revealed Counsel 2.3.7

Disclaimer: This is Untrue.

2.3.7 Genetic Consideration

2.3.7.1 An Outline of Haplogroups

Y-DNA sequences are classified into Y-DNA haplogroups. An overview of this classification is available in the form of a haplogroup tree at the following website:
* "Y-DNA Haplogroups on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Y-chromosome_DNA_haplogroups
Similarly, mitochondrial DNA sequences are classified into mitochondrial DNA haplogroups. A corresponding haplogroup tree can be found at:
* "Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup
The global distribution of Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA haplogroups can be explored by clicking the thumbnail map at the following website, where downloadable maps are available:
* "World Haplogroup Map Illinois" http://www.scs.illinois.edu/~mcdonald/
More detailed data and analysis can be found on the following pages:
* "Y-DNA Haplogroups by Ethnic Groups on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y-DNA_haplogroups_by_ethnic_groups
* "Y-Chromosome Haplogroups by Populations on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y-chromosome_haplogroups_by_populations
* "Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups by Populations on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ MtDna_haplogroups_by_populations
(asterisk (*) after Haplogroup means "paragroup")
An asterisk (*) following a haplogroup name indicates a paragroup (a subgroup not yet further classified).
* "Paragroup on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paragroup
For regional data, see the following resource on mitochondrial haplogroup distribution in Europe:
* "Eupedia Distribution of European mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups by region in percentage" https://eupedia.com/europe/european_mtdna_haplogroups_frequency.shtml

2.3.7.2 Conclusions from the History and the Elohim's Disclosure

Prior to any consideration of haplogroups, the following are reaffirmed as conclusive presumptions regarding the Children of Israel, based on biblical, historical, and cultural perspectives, as well as on the disclosure attributed to the Elohim.

(א) The most probable mainstream descendants of the Children of Israel in Canaan, originating from the Kingdom of Judah, are likely Palestinians and Arabs (Arabian populations) living in present-day Israel, even though most of them are now Muslims. It is believed that many Jewish farmers remained in Canaan after the First Jewish–Roman War (66 - 73 CE) and Bar Kokhba's Revolt (132 - 135 CE). There is no strong evidence of a complete dispersion. Some theories suggest that many of them later converted to Christianity and Islam, eventually becoming the modern Palestinians and Arabs in Israel.

(ב) The second group possibly descended from the Kingdom of Judah includes the Sephardim, Mizrahim, and Ashkenazim from Western Europe and the Rhineland.
"Sephardim" refers to Jews whose ancestry passed through the Iberian Peninsula.
"Mizrahim" refers to Jews whose ancestry passed through the Islamic world outside of Canaan.
"Ashkenazim from Western Europe and the Rhineland" refers to people of Judaism whose ancestry passed through Western Europe or the Rhineland region.

(ג) In contrast, Ashkenazim from regions such as Poland and Russia are generally not considered direct descendants of Jacob (Israel). Most of them are believed to be descendants of the Khazars, a Central Asian people who converted to Judaism. However, a small number may have migrated from the Rhineland to Eastern Europe.

These conclusions are supported by historical records and the disclosure attributed to the Elohim, and no strong counter-evidence has been identified.

2.3.7.3 Haplogroup Composition of Ancestors of a Tribe

As mentioned previously, Y-DNA is inherited from fathers to sons, while mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited from mothers to daughters. Therefore, Y-DNA represents the direct paternal lineage, such as father's-father's-father's-father's-father. In contrast, mtDNA represents the direct maternal lineage, such as mother's-mother's-mother's-mother's-mother.
However, it is important to note that Y-DNA and mtDNA are exceptions. In reality, a person's DNA is not made up solely of DNA from their most distant paternal and maternal lines. Due to genetic recombination (crossover) in autosomal chromosomes (which occurs in all chromosomes except Y-DNA and mtDNA), a person's DNA generally consists of fragmentary sequences inherited from many different ancestors. For example, one segment of DNA might come from a father's-father's-mother's-father, another from a father's-mother's-father's-mother, and another from a mother's-father's-father's-mother. However, modern DNA science cannot trace these fragmentary ancestral sequences between the two extremes (Y-DNA and mtDNA).
Thus, current DNA analysis is limited to tracing only Y-DNA and mtDNA, corresponding to the most direct paternal and maternal lines. This represents a fundamental limitation of present-day science.

On the other hand, the focus here is the "Children of Israel (Jacob)"—that is, blood relatives of Jacob. These include individuals who carry any fragmentary DNA sequences from Jacob. If a man has the same Y-DNA haplogroup as Jacob, this is sufficient to affirm a direct paternal (extreme) bloodline. However, those who share Jacob's Y-DNA haplogroup are not the only blood descendants of Jacob. There may be many individuals who carry fragmentary sequences from Jacob, even if their Y-DNA differs.

Yet, as noted earlier, due to scientific limitations, people who carry only fragmentary (non-Y) sequences from Jacob cannot be identified today. Consequently, current genetic tracing is restricted to Y-DNA for paternal lineages and mtDNA for maternal lineages.

Now, consider this: if 100 generations have passed in 3,000 years, then a person today could theoretically have 2^100 (about 10^30) ancestral contributors. However, that number far exceeds the actual historical population size. This indicates that intermarriage within limited populations (endogamy) must have occurred repeatedly. Such a population is referred to as a tribe. Within a tribe, Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups are passed down from the original ancestors to their descendants. By analyzing the accumulated haplogroups of the tribe's present-day descendants, we can estimate the haplogroup composition of the tribe's original ancestors.
The following section should be considered based on this understanding.

2.3.7.4 Y-DNA Haplogroups

Distribution
The Y-DNA composition of various populations is roughly as follows. The data are primarily taken from the Illinois haplogroup distribution map and Wikipedia. The proportions of major haplogroups are shown, along with lineage paths indicated by " > ". Haplogroups are color-coded according to broad categories.
As explained above, the haplogroup composition of each tribe reflects the composition of its original paternal ancestors.

Ashkenazi Jewish (in the Near East)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (38%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (20%)
　　G (A>BT>CT>CF>F>G) (10%)
　　R1a (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>R) (possibly some 10%)
Sephardi Jewish (in the Near East)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>R) (30%)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (28%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (19%)
Kurdish Jewish
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (37%)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>R) (20%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (12%)
Arabian (in Saudi Arabia)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (58%)
　　E1b1a (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (8%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (8%)
Palestinian (Arabian Palestine Muslim)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (55%)
　　E1b1a (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (10%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (10%)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>R) (8%)
Arabian (in Israel)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (55%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (20%)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>R) (8%)
Egyptian
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (some 42%)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (some 21%)
　　G (A>BT>CT>CF>F>G) (some 12%)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>R) (some 11%)
South African (native)
　　E (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (65%)
　　A except BT (A>except BT) (30%)
Pygmy (Central Africa)
　　E (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (65%)
　　B (A>BT>B) (30%)
Berber (Morocco)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (89%)
Spanish
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (65%)
　　E1b1b (A>BT>CT>DE>E) (10%)
French
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (52%)
　　I (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>I) (17%)
German
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (30%)
　　I (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>I) (27%)
　　R1a (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (20%)
Polish
　　R1a (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (56%)
　　I (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>I) (17%)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (15%)
Russian
　　R1a (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (30%)
　　N (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>N) (some 20%)
　　I (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>I) (some 15%)
Ukrainian
　　R1a (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (42%)
　　I (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>I) (25%)
　　R1b (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (19%)
Ossetian (Central Caucasus; midpoint between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea)
　　G (A>BT>CT>CF>F>G) (60%)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (34%)
Dargin-Chamalin (Eastern Caucasus; on the west coast of the Caspian Sea)
　　J (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>IJ>J) (70-94%)
　　G (A>BT>CT>CF>F>G) (3-19%)
Indian
　　H (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>H) (25%)
　　R1a (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (some 15%)
　　R2 (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>R) (some 10%)
　　O (A>BT>CT>CF>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (10% (0-80% vary from place to place))
Andamanese (Andaman Islands between India and Myanmar)
　　D (A>BT>CT>DE>D) (56%)
　　O (A>BT>CT>CF>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (30%)
Tibetan
　　D (A>BT>CT>DE>D) (50%)
　　O (A>BT>CT>CF>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (40%)
Han (Chinese)
　　O3 (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (56%)
　　O2 (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (16%)
　　O1 (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (10%)
　　N (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>N) (some 9%)
Japanese
　　D (A>BT>CT>DE>D) (40%)
　　O2 (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (33%)
　　O3 (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>NO>O) (20%)
Ainu (native Japanese in the northern end of the Japanese archipelago)
　　D (A>BT>CT>DE>D) (88%)
　　C (A>BT>CT>CF>C) (12%)
Aborigine (native Australian)
　　C (A>BT>CT>CF>C) (60%)
　　K (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K) (22%)
Apache (native American)
　　Q (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>Q) (78%)
　　C3 (A>BT>CT>CF>C) (15%)
Ticuna (native Amazonian)
　　Q (A>BT>CT>CF>F>IJK>K>MNOPS>P>Q) (100%)

Distance
First, the relative genetic distance among haplogroups should be understood. Human populations are initially divided into haplogroup A (excluding BT), found primarily among South Africans, and haplogroup BT, based on SNPs such as M91 and P97. Second, BT is divided into haplogroups B and CT, distinguished by SNP M168. Third, CT splits into DE and CF, identified by SNPs such as M145, along with a Unique Event Polymorphism (UEP) called Y-chromosome Alu Polymorphism (YAP). The Alu sequence on Y-DNA, which appears with M145 in DE, confirms a shared ancestry diverging from CT. Fourth, DE divides into haplogroups D and E based on SNP M174. Fifth, CF splits into C and F, defined by SNPs such as P14 and M89. Sixth, F divides further into G, H, and IJK. IJK then splits into IJ and K. K further branches into LT and MNOPS, and MNOPS divides into haplogroups M, NO, P, and S. NO splits into N and O, while P splits into Q and R.
Haplogroup R is common among native Europeans such as the Spanish and French. Q, a related lineage of R, is typical among native Amazonian populations. O, closely related to Q and R, is dominant among Han Chinese. K, a basal branch related to R, Q, and O, is common in Aboriginal Australians. Thus, French people, native Amazonian people, Chinese people, and Aboriginal Australians all belong to genetically related Y-DNA haplogroups (these are categorized in blue).
In contrast, haplogroup DE (colored green) is significantly more distant. The genetic distance between R and DE is much greater than the distance between R (Europeans), Q (Amazonian peoples), and O (Chinese).
However, haplogroup A (excluding BT)—common among native South Africans (colored red)—and haplogroup B—seen in Central African Pygmy populations—are even more distant.
Therefore, the 4 major Y-DNA haplogroup categories are "A excluding BT (A xBT)," "B," "DE," and "CF." The Y-DNA lineage of Yahweh may have originated in one of these 4 categories. (However, A and B are likely to be excluded, based on biblical references.)

Impurity
For example, the Ticuna people (native Amazonians) consist almost entirely of haplogroup Q, suggesting descent from a single paternal ancestor. However, such genetic purity is rare among other populations. In general, different types of Y-DNA haplogroups are mixed within populations. A tribe or ethnic group typically includes multiple Y-DNA haplogroups. Aside from exceptional cases like the Ticuna, there is virtually no tribe or ethnic group composed of a single Y-DNA haplogroup. This fact should be acknowledged.
This genetic diversity is also natural in the case of Jewish populations. Traditionally, Jewish identity has been defined by maternal lineage—children of Jewish mothers are considered Jewish regardless of the father's ancestry. Furthermore, converts have also been included in the Jewish population, contributing to the diversity of Y-DNA haplogroups.
* "Who is a Jew on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_is_a_Jew%3F

Paternal Lineage
However, the Bible primarily narrates stories from a paternal perspective. For example, Yahweh addresses the "Children of Israel (Jacob)," rather than the children of Rachel or Leah. The central figures in the Bible are predominantly male. It was Jacob—the man—who received the blessing.
Therefore, the focus of this website is on identifying the "Children of Israel (Jacob)" from a paternal lineage perspective, regardless of how Jewish identity is defined in rabbinic Judaism.

Hiding Place of Yahweh's Y-DNA
Even assuming that Jacob was the son of Yahweh and Rebecca, Yahweh's Y-DNA may not have been distinctive enough to be easily identified among human Y-DNA haplogroups. However, the possible location of Yahweh's Y-DNA can be narrowed down to some extent. It is likely to be found within haplogroups J, R, or E (including DE), as these are commonly found in Ashkenazi, Sephardi, and Kurdish Jewish populations. They are also prevalent among Palestinians (Arab Muslims in Palestine) and Arabs in Israel.
The controversial issue with haplogroups J, R, and E (or DE) is that they are even more common in other populations:
The frequency of haplogroup J among Jewish populations is approximately 30 - 40%. Among Palestinians, it is about 55%, while among Arabian populations in Saudi Arabia, it is around 58%. Among the Dargin-Chamalins (in the Caucasus), it ranges from 70% to 94%.
Haplogroup R is found in 10 - 37% of Jewish populations, about 8% of Palestinians, and 52 - 65% of Spanish and French populations.
Haplogroup E is found in 12 - 20% of Jewish populations and about 20% of Palestinians. (Haplogroup D, for reference, is found in 40% of the Japanese population.) Meanwhile, haplogroup E is found in 89% of the Berber population in Morocco.
No Y-DNA haplogroup has been identified as unique to either Jewish or Palestinian populations. Yahweh's Y-DNA may indeed belong to haplogroup J, R, or E (or DE). However, even if this is the case, these haplogroups are not exclusive to Jewish, Palestinian, or Israelite populations. In other words, haplogroup-based mutation markers in modern population genetics cannot definitively identify Yahweh's Y-DNA.
This represents a limitation of present-day science.

Ancient Migration
Despite the limitations of current Y-DNA science, the unusual distribution of haplogroup DE is noteworthy. Haplogroup E is commonly found in the Middle East, including the Near East and Egypt. In contrast, haplogroup D appears in sparse and isolated populations in Central and East Asia, such as the Andaman Islands, Tibet, and Japan. This unusual and isolated distribution of DE suggests the occurrence of ancient migration from the Middle East or North Africa to the Far East, leaving small populations in areas like the Andaman Islands and Tibet.

Origin of the Ashkenazi Jewish Population
As previously discussed, the origin of the Ashkenazi Jewish population—those who claim descent through Central and Eastern Europe—is a matter of debate. However, the haplogroup data presents some curious findings. Specifically, the presence of haplogroup G in approximately 10% of the Ashkenazi Jewish population is notable. Haplogroup G is not significantly present in Sephardi Jews, or among Spanish, French, German, Polish, Ukrainian, Russian, and most other populations. One of the few populations in which haplogroup G is prevalent is the Ossetians in the central Caucasus.
This leads to a relatively simple hypothesis: part of the Ashkenazi Jewish population may have originated from or passed through the Caucasus region—formerly Khazaria or possibly even Nineveh. However, the precise origin or character of the Ashkenazi Jewish population from or through the Caucasus remains unclear, especially given the limitations of present-day DNA science, which cannot clearly distinguish between Jewish and Arabic populations.

The Unified Kingdom in the Prophecy of Ezekiel
As noted earlier, Ezekiel prophesied the reunification of the kingdoms of Judah and Ephraim. If part of the Ashkenazi Jewish population originated from Nineveh, this might be interpreted as a partial fulfillment of the prophecy. Some might speculate that the USSR or modern Israel represents the prophesied unified kingdom.
The prophecy also mentions a king descended from David. Under the speculative assumption outlined above, the Rothschild family might be viewed as potential descendants of David, although there is no substantial evidence supporting this claim. Similarly, some have speculated that Chernobyl could correspond to the "abomination" referred to by Jesus. However, this line of reasoning appears to be highly speculative and lacks solid grounding.

2.3.7.5 Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups

Distribution
The mitochondrial DNA composition of various populations is roughly as follows. Data are primarily taken from distribution maps by the University of Illinois and Wikipedia. Additionally, data were obtained from the following website:
* "mtDNA Variation in Jews Biodiversity" http://www.forumbiodiversity.com/showthread.php?t=2829
The proportions of major haplogroups and their phylogenetic paths (indicated with ">") are shown. Haplogroups are also color-coded according to broad genetic categories.
As explained earlier, the haplogroup composition of a tribe reflects the maternal lineage of that tribe's original ancestors.

Ashkenazi Jewish
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (29%)
　　H (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (21%)
　　HV (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV) (11%)
　　J1 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>J) (9%)
　　N (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N) (8%)
Polish Ashkenazi Jewish
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (38%)
　　H (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (14%)
　　HV* (entire HV excluding H) (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV) (10%)
　　J (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>J) (9%)
Russian Ukrainian Ashkenazi Jewish
　　H (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (27%)
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (17%)
　　HV* (entire HV excluding H) (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV) (13%)
　　J (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>J) (10%)
　　N (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N) (7%)
　　T (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>T) (7%)
　　U (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U) (7%)
Sephardi Jewish
　　H (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (40%)
　　X (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>X) (12%)
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (10%)
　　U (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U) (9%)
　　J (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>J) (8%)
Palestinian
　　H* (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (28%)
　　L (L) (14%)
　　J (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>J) (9%)
　　T2 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>T) (8%)
Ethiopian
　　L3 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3) (25%)
　　L1 (L1) (15%)
　　L2 (L2) (15%)
　　M (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M) (10%)
South African (native)
　　L1 (L1) (75%)
　　L3 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3) (20%)
Spanish
　　H* (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (55%)
　　J (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>J) (10%)
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (6%)
French
　　H* (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (43%)
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (11%)
　　T2 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>T) (9%)
Ice Man (Oetzi) in Alpens
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K)
German
　　H* (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (50%)
　　K (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U>K) (7%)
Polish non-Jewish
　　H (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (45%)
　　U (non-K) (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U) (16%)
　　T (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>T) (12%)
Russian non-Jewish
　　H (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>R0>HV>H) (42%)
　　U (non-K) (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U) (18%)
　　T (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>JT>T) (11%)
Indian
　　M (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M) (44%)
　　U2e (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U) (18%)
　　N2 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N) (9%)
　　U7 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>U) (9%)
Han (Chinese)
　　D4 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>D) (20%)
　　D4* (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>D) (15%)
　　F1 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>F1) (15%)
　　A (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>A) (8%)
　　B4a (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>B) (8%)
Korean
　　D4 (L3'4'6>L3'4>M>D) (24%)
　　B4 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>B) (10%)
　　F1 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>F) (9%)
　　N9a (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N) (7%)
Japanese
　　D4 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>D) (30%)
　　M7 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M) (19%)
　　B4 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>B) (8%)
　　F (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>F) (8%)
　　A (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>A) (7%)
　　G (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>G) (6%)
　　B5 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>B) (5%)
Ainu (northern end of the Japanese archipelago)
　　Y (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>Y) (22%)
　　D (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>D) (18%)
　　M7a (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>M7a) (16%)
　　G1 (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>G>G1) (16%)
Nivkh (Sakhalin Island to the north of the Japanese archipelago)
　　Y (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>Y) (66%)
Aborigine (native Australians)
　　N (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N) (60%)
　　P (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>P) (40%)
Northern Amerind (native northern American)
　　A (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>A) (60%)
　　B (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>B) (20%)
　　C (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>CZ>C) (20%)
Southern Amerind (native southern American)
　　D (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>D) (40%)
　　C (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>M>CZ>C) (30%)
　　B (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>R>B) (20%)
Ice Maiden in Peruvian Andes
　　A (L3'4'6>L3'4>L3>N>A)

Structure of the Tree
First, the original group is divided into "L0" and "L1-6." "L1-6" is divided into "L1" and "L2-6." "L2-6" is divided into "L5" and "L2'3'4'6." "L2'3'4'6" is divided into "L2" and "L3'4'6." "L3'4'6" is divided into "L6" and "L3'4." "L3'4" is divided into "L4" and "L3." "L3" is divided into "M" and "N."
"L0-6," "M," and "N" would be the 3 major categories of mtDNA haplogroups. "L0-6" are typical in Africa. "M" is typical in India, East Asia, South America. "N" is typical in other regions.
"M" is divided into "CZ," "D," "E," "G," and "Q." "N" is divided into "A," "S," "R," "I," "W," "X," and "Y." "R" is divide into "B," "F," "R0," "pre JT," "P," and "U." "R0" is divided into "H" and "V." "pre JT" is divided into "J" and "T." "U" is divided into "U1," "U2," "U3," "U4," "U5," "U6," "U7," and "U8." "U8" includes "K."

Whereabouts of the Mitochondrial DNA of the 4 Mothers
The question here is how to trace the Children of Israel (Jacob). Israel (Jacob) had 12 sons and one daughter by 4 women. These 13 children naturally inherited the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of their respective mothers. However, the children of Jacob's twelve sons (i.e., his grandchildren) did not inherit the mtDNA of the 4 grandmothers. Instead, their mtDNA came from their own mothers. In other words, the mtDNA of the 4 mothers (Leah, Rachel, Bilhah, and Zilpah) was not passed down through Jacob's sons. Jacob's daughter, Dinah—born to Leah—had an uncertain lineage. It has been suggested that "Saul," who followed Simeon into Egypt, might have been the son of Dinah and Shechem. However, no daughters of Dinah are mentioned. As a result, the mtDNA of the 4 mothers would not have been passed down through Dinah either. Therefore, what can be traced through mtDNA are the mitochondrial lineages of the wives and concubines of Jacob's twelve sons—within the tribes of Israel and related groups. For example, Ephraim's mother was Asenath, an Egyptian woman, but there is no record of any daughters from her. Regarding Solomon, although he had 1,000 wives and concubines, most from foreign nations, the identities of the mothers of his children remain largely unknown.
* "David's Family Tree" http://www.swartzentrover.com/cotor/bible/bible/OT/History/I%20&%20II%20Samuel/David's%20Family%20Tree.htm

Findings on Jewish mtDNA Haplogroups
Among the haplogroups in the "N" group, haplogroup H is generally the most frequent, including among the Sephardi Jewish population. However, the Ashkenazi Jewish population shows a somewhat different pattern. Haplogroup K is the most frequent among Ashkenazi Jews and is relatively exclusive to them. The origin of haplogroup K is said to be northeastern Italy. It is also frequent in Cyprus, an island located in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, west of Syria and Lebanon, south of Turkey, and northwest of Israel. While haplogroup K appears to be distinctive in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, the relationship between the Ashkenazi Jews and the origin of haplogroup K remains unclear.
Moreover, haplogroup K is not distinctive among the Sephardi Jewish population. In fact, it is more common among the French population than among Sephardi Jews. Therefore, haplogroup K cannot be regarded as a definitive marker of the legitimate descendants of the Children of Israel.
On the other hand, haplogroup H is common among the Sephardi Jewish population. However, it is even more frequent in other populations, such as the Spanish and Germans. Thus, haplogroup H also cannot serve as a reliable indicator of Israelite descent. In contrast, haplogroup X appears to be more distinctive among the Sephardi Jewish population. Haplogroup X is reported to be frequent among the Druze, a minority group in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel. However, whether this haplogroup can be considered a sign of descent from the Children of Israel remains uncertain.
* "Haplogroup X (mtDNA) on Wikipedia" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_X_(mtDNA)
In conclusion, mitochondrial DNA haplogroups cannot reliably identify the descendants of the Children of Israel. This also reflects one of the limitations of present-day DNA science.

Distinction of Japanese Mitochondrial DNA
In contrast to the distinctiveness of Japanese Y-DNA, Japanese mitochondrial DNA is not particularly distinctive when compared with that of neighboring populations, such as Koreans and Han Chinese. Still, haplogroup G in the Japanese population may be somewhat unique. Haplogroup G is known to be frequent in northeastern Siberia (e.g., the Kamchatka Peninsula) and is also observed almost exclusively among the Japanese and the Ainu, similar to Y-DNA haplogroup D. However, haplogroup G belongs to the broader M group (East Asian mtDNA), and mitochondrial DNA found in Japan is largely similar to that of the Han Chinese. Therefore, Japanese mtDNA (on the maternal side) cannot be clearly associated with Middle Eastern origins.
This suggests that ancient migrations from the west to the east were primarily male-driven.
On the other hand, mitochondrial haplogroup Y is found among the Ainu people at the northern end of the Japanese archipelago. However, its high frequency among the Nivkh people, who are located on Sakhalin Island just north of the Ainu region, likely explains its presence in the Ainu population.

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